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University of Bradford >> Library >> Electronic Resources >> Bibliographic Referencing
Citations and References are needed in your assignments to show:
Using citations and referencing properly will help you:
Insert a citation into the text (using whichever style of referencing you have been told to use) at the exact point where you are referring to the work. You will also need to include the full reference in a bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Full details for each style of referencing are included in the guides linked below.
Most Schools and Departments offer guidance on which referencing style they prefer. If you have not already received guidance, you should always consult with your lecturer or supervisor before choosing a reference system. Once you have chosen a system, use it consistently throughout a whole document.
| School | Department | Style | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Computing, Informatics and Media | Computing | Harvard / IEEE | |
| EIMC/Media | Harvard | ||
| Engineering, Design & Technology | Electrical Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering | IEEE | |
| The rest of EDT (Civil, Design, Mechanical, Foundation, Medical, Tech Man) | Harvard | ||
| Health Studies | All | Harvard | SoH Harvard Online Guide |
| Life Sciences | Biomed | Cell | |
| Clinical and Forensic Science | Harvard | ||
| Clinical | BMJ/Vancouver | This is from the BMA website. Take care to scroll down to the Vancouver information. | |
| Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Sciences | Harvard | ||
| Pharmacy | Harvard | ||
| Management | All (including Law) | Harvard for Management | |
| Law | Combination of Harvard and "numbered note referencing". | Law referencing also draws guidance from the Oxford Standard for Citing Legal Authorities (OSCOLA). | |
| SLED | All | Harvard | |
| Social and International Studies | Development and Economic Studies | Harvard | |
| History | Own Journal Style | ||
| Interdisciplinary Human Studies | Harvard or Numeric | ||
| Peace Studies | Harvard or Numeric | ||
| Psychology | Harvard | ||
| Social Work (Includes Working with Young People, Children & Families) | Harvard | ||
| Social Sciences (unless mentioned above) | Harvard |
If you have any queries about reference systems, please contact your Subject Librarian for assistance.
EndNote software allows you to manage your references in a systematic way. You can download references and articles from databases and electronic journal services and compile bibliographies in a variety of formats.
It is available on all public cluster PCs and most departmental servers.
For further help and information about EndNote please either consult the EndNote Guide on the Library website or contact your Subject Librarian.
There is a web version of EndNote available, it does not have all the functionality of the desktop version for researchers but is suitable for most undergraduate and taught postgraduate students or Distance Learners. There is information about Endnote Web from the Library website, and there is also a Endnote Web Workbook to help you get started.